Carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) stable isotope analysis of human bone collagen from 38 individuals was undertaken to assess diet at the Late Roman-Early Byzantine (AD 300-700) cemetery site, Joan Planells, in Ibiza, Spain. The results (δ 13 C=-18.7±0.5‰ and δ 15 N=10.1±1.3‰) that the diet of this population was derived predominantly from C 3 terrestrial resources; plant foods were likely dietary staples along with meat and/or dairy produce comprising an important component of diet. Variation in stable isotope ratio values suggest individual differences in diet. Two individuals, both males, are statistical outliers with distinctive δ 15 N values (14.4‰ and 14.8‰) that point to significant consumption of marine resources. Females, on average, have higher δ 13 C values than males. The parsimonious explanation for this observation is the greater inclusion of C 4 resources such as millet in the diets of females. Comparison of the diet of the Joan Planells population with other Late Roman period sites on the Hispanic mainland and other parts of the Mediterranean region suggests that populations may have been responding to a combination of socio-political and environmental factors that could have included Roman influence of food consumptive practices in some of these distant locales.
Purpose To establish the efficacy of the two most popular contact lens disinfecting systems -one-step hydrogen peroxide and multi purpose disinfecting solution -for 1 month's use in practice in the absence of tap water rinsing.Methods This was a descriptive, prospective microbiological study of contact lens contamination with ideal hygiene compliance and new lenses and storage cases. One hundred and fifty contact lens wearers were instructed to avoid risk factors identified for Acanthamoeba infection. They were randomly assigned to use one of three disinfecting systems and taught to follow manufacturers'instructions. In addition, they were taught to avoid all use of tap water for contact lens hygiene, except for hand washing. Results There was no isolation ofAcanthamoeba from any lens storage case, precluding the chance of amoebic infection.The multi-purpose solution gave the lowest rate of bacterial contamination, with 78% sterility and 15% of cases with < 10 4 bacteria/ml. For both one-step peroxide and 2. Tap water was NEVER used to rinse or clean the storage case nor to rinse the contact lenses. Only disinfecting fluid was used in the storage case and home-made solutions were disallowed.3. Hands were washed before removing contact lenses, and thoroughly dried on a clean, dry hand towel.4. The contact lenses were cleaned by a 'rub and rinse' technique using the multi-purpose disinfecting solution or hydrogen peroxide as instructed. 5.The contact lenses were placed in the disinfecting solution for overnight storage, and a neutralising tablet was added to the Oxysept hydrogen peroxide system solution.6. In the morning, the contact lenses were removed from the storage case and placed in the eye. The disinfecting solutions used in this study did not require further neutralisation. 7.The solution was tipped out of the storage case, which was left open to air-dry during the daytime when the lenses were worn. The storage case tops of those using the multi-purpose solution were inverted and the case allowed to air-dry.8. Contact lenses were worn on a daily wear basis only and removed for swimming.The contact lens wearer was asked to return the lenses and the storage case, containing the previous night's soaking solution, to the practice after 1 month of use, sealed inside a single-use plastic bag specimen container.It was then stored at 4 °C prior to culture.The participants, all of whom had worn contact lenses for at least 6 months, were randomly assigned to use either a multi-purpose solution (Complete (Allergan), containing 1 ppm or 1 fLg/ml polyhexamethylene biguanide, PHMB) or one of two 'one-step' hydrogen peroxide solutions: Oxysept (Allergan), neutralised by a tablet, or EasySept (Bausch & Lomb), neutralised by a platinum disc within the storage case.Storage cases were observed for dirt and turbid contents. The laboratory investigation included
Citation for published item:qr¡ %EhonsD tFqF nd hltonD eF nd ghplinD sF nd urniotiD iFpF @PHIUA 9e revised method for the preprtion of dry one smples used in histologil exmintion X (ve simple stepsF9D romo X journl of omprtive humn iologyFD TV @RAF ppF PVQEPVVFFurther information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details.
Carbon (´1 3 C) and nitrogen (´1 5 N) stable isotope analysis of bone collagen from 57 human and 137 faunal samples was conducted with the aim of reconstructing human diet at the Late Chalcolithic (mid-4 th millennium BC) site of Çamlıbel Tarlası, northcentral Anatolia. The analyses indicate that the diet of the inhabitants of Çamlıbel Tarlası was based largely on C 3 resources. Comparison of human and faunal ´1 5 N values suggest that animal proteins were likely to be of secondary importance to diet, with cultigens such as wheat and barley and potentially pulses taking the role of dietary staples. Age-related variation in stable isotope signals was identified.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.