Background: Canine appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common bone malignancy in dogs. Methods: Spontaneous cases of canine OSA presented for three years were treated with different standard therapeutic protocols and compared with a novel plant formulations or nutraceuticals prepared from combination of turmeric, clove and olive oil. Different diagnostic modalities like survey and three view thoracic radiograph, abdominal ultrasonography (USG) with spectral Doppler USG, greyscale USG, strain elastography, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), computed tomography and excisional biopsy were used to detect appendicular OSA and for staging of the primary bone tumor.Result: Canine bone tumor of appendicular OSA primarily affects large breed dogs with median age 10.32 years (range, 2.6-13 years) and median body weight 32.95 kg (range, 14-41 kg). Among four treatment groups, disease-free interval (DFI) and overall survival times were longer in groups of amputation followed by carboplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy (9 no.) than in groups with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin followed by amputation (2 no.) and amputation along with nutraceuticals treatment (6 no.) and were shorter in the control group with amputation alone (6 no.). Herbal nutraceuticals can be included in the therapeutic regimen of canine osteosarcoma for increasing the overall survival time.
| Buffaloes have poor heat tolerance capacity compared to other domestic ruminants and are more prone to heat stress due to scarcely distributed sweat glands, dark body color and sparse hair on the body surface. Thermal environment is a major factor that can affect milk production and reproduction in buffalo especially animals of high genetic merit. Therefore present study was undertaken to study the effect of seasonal stress on Murrah buffalo. Thirty healthy non-lactating Murrah buffaloes each around two years of age were selected for the experiment. Rectal temperature, respiration rate, heart rate and various hormones level were measured in different season to know the effect of heat stress in buffalo. Season had no significant effect on rectal temperature, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) level. However, it had significant effect on respiration rate(P≤0.05), heart rate(P≤0.01) and cortisol level (P≤0.05) in Murrah buffalo. They had lowest level of respiration rate, heart rate and cortisol level in winter season and highest level in summer. This indicates stressful condition of animal in summer.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.