SG accelerates gastric emptying and small bowel transit of semisolids. In addition, it delays the initiation of cecal filling and T ICVt. This early and prolonged contact of food with the distal small bowel mucosa may explain the metabolic effects of SG occurring before substantial weight loss.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy did not significantly decrease the overall number of lymph nodes retrieved but did increase the percentage of patients with fewer than 12 lymph nodes examined.

IP attenuated oxidative stress induced by IAH, mainly by increasing antioxidative capacity and the levels of protective mediators. The fact that IP was effective, even when used at extremely high levels of intraabdominal pressure, reinforces the interest on this method but further studies are needed to clarify its mechanism of action and potential clinical applications.

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