This paper analyzes the error in MUSIC results due to the effect of finite precision arithmetic. Thus, relation of this error to sources correlation level and array and sources configuration parameters is clearly identified. As a result efficient array design algorithm suitable for acoustic environments is derived. This algorithm is efficient in the sense that it can determine minimum number of sensors. This algorithm is quite general as it includes the effect of all parameters such as number of sources, sources correlation level, maximum resolution, maximum source angle, number of sensors, sensor spacing and arithmetic precision. Also this algorithm is shown to be seamlessly applicable in realistic environments where many additional effects and sources of error often exist. During this paper it is shown that this algorithm is indispensable for DOA estimation in wide-band and reverberant environments.
The basic part of the vertical form, fill and seal packaging machine is the forming collar. The forming collar provides the shape over which packaging film is smoothly formed at high speed into a cylindrical shape. Describing the forming collar geometry and hence its design is, however, remarkably difficult. This paper presents, for the first time, a flexible methodology for calculating the complete geometry of the film rather than the usually non-complete collar over which the film is formed. That is, a methodology to calculate the film geometry over the collar including the seam along which the film is longitudinally sealed. The film geometry is calculated such that it has minimum deformation energy. Advantages of the proposed methodology include its great flexibility to generate collars with different configurations for different needs. Among the collar generation methods reviewed, the proposed methodology is the first that can systematically consider all collar configuration parameters such as the seam configuration, general package cross-section, flat or straight part of the collar, collar back angle, etc. A means for obtaining the exact collar geometry is also demonstrated. This enables right-first-time and repeatable collar production and reduces the time and cost for producing next generation packaging machines.
The increase in the number of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs), which are used in a variety of
applications has led to a surge in low Reynolds number aerodynamics research. Flow around fixedwing MAVs has an unusual behavior due to its low aspect
ratio and operates at low Reynolds number, which demanded to upgrade the used wind tunnel for this study. This upgrade enables measuring the small
aerodynamics forces and moment of fixed-wing MAVs. The wind tunnel used in this work is upgraded with a state of art data acquisition system to deal
with the different sensors signals in the wind tunnel. For accurate measurements, the sting balance, angle sensor, and airspeed sensor are calibrated.
For validation purposes, an experiment is made on a low aspect ratio flat plate wing at low Reynolds number, and the measured data are corrected and
compared with published results. The procedure presented in this paper for the first time gave a detailed and complete guide for upgrading and calibrating
old wind tunnel, all the required corrections to correct the measured data was presented, the turbulence level correction new technique presented in this
paper could be used to estimate the flow turbulence effect on the measured data and correct the measured data against published data.
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