In recent years, influenza infection in the pediatric population has been a widescale issue that physicians face during the winter season. Medications used to treat and prevent such infections include Oseltamivir, an anti-viral neuraminidase inhibitor developed for both influenzas A and B. The most commonly well-known and manifesting adverse effects are nausea, vomiting and gastrointestinal upset. There is paucity of reports on other potential serious side effects of Oseltamivir in the pediatric population. One of the rarely reported adverse reactions in adult population is sinus bradycardia. This case reports the development of sinus bradycardia in a pediatric patient after administration of Oseltamivir. The previously healthy five-year-old patient was started on Oseltamivir after a positive polymerase chain reaction for influenza. The patient developed sinus bradycardia but remained hemodynamically stable. This finding led to consultations and investigations to determine the cause of bradycardia. It is pivotal to increase the awareness of the potential link between Oseltamivir and bradycardia in pediatric and adult populations to avoid unnecessary clinical investigations and to enhance physician decisionmaking. A prospective cohort study on Oseltamivir is needed for better understanding of its adverse effects in the pediatric population.
Thoracic ectopic kidney is the rarest type of ectopic kidney with a reported finding of one in every 15,000 autopsies. The diagnosis of this anomaly is often incidental. Children may be symptomatic with recurrent respiratory symptoms. We present a case of an infant with a thoracic ectopic kidney associated with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia that was initially misdiagnosed as unresolved pneumonia due to persistent well-demarcated opacity in the left lower lobe. Our aim is to increase awareness about this rare entity.
The evaluation of carbonate reservoirs is challenging for different reasons related to stratigraphic and structural features' heterogeneities. One of the major challenges is the evaluation of a fracture's nature, intensity, aperture and extension. Near and far field evaluation techniques have been utilized to achieve advanced fracture evaluation and modeling, the latter being a key factor in successful carbonate reservoir development. Resistivity images and cores help in the quantitative analysis of the near wellbore fracture's intensity and aperture, while high resolution seismic data can help to evaluate major structural features at a larger scale. It is essential to bridge the gap between the borehole and field scales to further enhance evaluation of these fractures. By using an acquired sonic log and special processing, deep shear wave imaging (DSWI) can take cross-dipole shear wave components and use them to "image" reflectors up to 70 ft away from the borehole, whether they are intersecting the borehole or not. This radial distance coverage-which was the radius of this investigation-can be even greater depending on many parameters. The combination of resistivity imaging and acoustic DSWI techniques offers a great value added to fractured carbonate reservoir evaluation. This article discusses a case study and the lessons learned in a challenging evaluation well where both techniques were deployed to validate this process with the goal of enhancing petrophysical and reservoir characterization models. Future work will involve the integration of results achieved using the DSWI technique with both borehole seismic and surface seismic data to enhance the fracture model and ultimately optimize well placement as well as reservoir performance.
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