Paraffin melting experienced in the nozzle-and-shell, tube-and-shell, and reducer-and-shell models in thermal storage with 3D numerical and experimental approach has been studied. The numerical study aims to evaluate the melting process and discover temperature distribution, liquid-solid interface, liquid fraction, and the average surface Nusselt number, while the aim of this experimental study is to determine the distribution of melting temperature. The comparison of temperature distribution between the numerical approach and experimental one indicates a good agreement. The comparison result between the three models shows that the melting process of the nozzle-and-shell model is the best, followed by tube-and-shell and reducer-and-shell models, successively. To finish the melting process, the time required is 6130 s for the nozzle-and-shell model, while tube-and-shell model requires 8210 s and reducer-and-shell model requires 12280 s.
The melting of paraffin in thermal storage tube-and-shell and combine-and-shell models was conducted with the numerical research aim of decreasing the charge time through changing the shape of the tube into combining form. The results discussed are temperature contour, liquid-solid interface contour, temperature distribution, liquid fraction, and the average Nusselt number. The results show that the charge time in the tube-and-shell model is 2000 s, while the combine-and-shell model is 1200 s, meaning an overall decrease in charge time in the combine-and-shell model by 40% when compared to that of the tube-and-shell model.
Paraffin as a heat storage material has many advantages but also has drawbacks, namely low thermal conductivity so that the melting time becomes long. Efforts have been made to accelerate the melting time, including by increasing a surface area of the hot wall, or also by changing the geometry. In this study was carried out by changing the temperature of the hot wall from uniform to increase gradually, uniform hot wall temperature was 330 K, increased gradually hot wall temperature was 324 K, 327 K, 330 K, 333 K, dan 336 K. Paraffin used has specifications according to reference. They have performed numerically used ANSYS software. They are using three models, namely modelA, model-B, and model-C. The study aimed to obtain liquid-solid interface contours, changes in temperature at measurement points, and changes in the liquid fraction. The results of model validation show similarities to previous studies. The results show that the melting time in the model-A is the fastest, followed by model-B and model-C.
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