Abstract. Pramono AA, Syamsuwida D, Putri KP. 2019. Variation of seed sizes and its effect on germination and seedling growth of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla). Biodiversitas 20: 2576-2582. To get high-quality seeds, the size of seed is often suggested to be criteria of selection in seed collection. However, the size is not always effective to be used as a basis for seed selection. The study is aimed to determine the variation of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) seed sizes and its effect on the germination and seedlings growth. The fruits were collected from stands of mahogany in Jonggol and Parung Panjang, Bogor District, Indonesia. The seeds were grouped into 5 classes based on seed size. The observation was conducted on seed viability of each size class as well as the growth of seedlings until 3 months old. The results showed that the seed size of mahogany was affected by position of the seeds inside the fruit, the mother trees, and fruit size. The seeds size of < 6 cm long had significantly lower germination rate and capacity than those seeds of more than 6 cm long. The size of seeds affected the initial growth of seedlings, but did not influence the subsequent growth of seedling after 3 months old. The selection of seeds was done by removing the seeds of less than 6 cm long.
Land degradation of upstream Ciliwung watershed (Puncak area) have caused serious problems, annual floods to the downstream region. This research analyzed the local community perception on forest benefits and valuation of forest environmental services that was predicted as leading factors for the mismanagement of upstream Ciliwung watershed. The samples were taken by purposive sampling. Local community perceptions were analyzed descriptively and environment services of forest were valued with contingent valuation method. Land conservation and amenity functions are the main benefits of forest environmental services for local people in Tugu Utara and Batulayang villages, while providing timbers, fuel woods and fruits is the main forest benefit for the local people in Gadog and Sukakarya villages. The value of forest 2 2 environmental services according to the WTP was Rp 0.62/m /year in Cisarua subdistrict and Rp 0.71/m /year in Megamendung subdistrict. The values of WTP were influenced by respondents opinion about the environmental condition of Puncak region, and the households income.
<p>The purpose of the study entitled "The Role of the Central Java Provincial Wage Council in Determining Regency/City Minimum Wages in 2020" is to determine the role of the Central Java Provincial Wage Council and the procedures for setting the minimum wage in 2020 by the Governor of Central Java Province. The research method used is normative juridical, which is an approach aimed at the study of legal issues from the aspect of applicable legal regulations, in this case in the form of the role of the Central Java Provincial Wage Council in seeking regency/city minimum wages in Central Java. Before the Central Java Provincial Wages Council was formed the name of the Central Java Provincial Research, Wages and Welfare Commission. With Presidential Decree No. 107 of 2004 concerning the Wages Board stipulated by the President of the Republic of Indonesia Megawati Sukarno Putri on 18 October 2004. In principle between the Research Commission and the Wage Council there are some differences, among others, regarding the requirements to become a member of the Research Commission and the Wage Board that the requirements to become members of research do not have to bachelor, while to become a member of the Wage Board must be a S1 as well as regarding the composition in the Research Commission the ratio between representatives of workers, government and employers is 1:1:1 and universities. While in the Wage Council the ratio of government, workers, and employers is 2: 1: 1 and universities and experts. In order to follow up on the Presidential Decree on the Wage Council, the Governor of Central Java Province issued Decree No. 560/61/2005 concerning the Establishment of the Central Java Provincial Wage Council. The Governor of Central Java Province also issued Regulation No. 31 of 2005 concerning Procedures for Proposing Members of the Central Java Province Wage Council. Governor's Decree Number 560/58 2019, concerning UMK of 35 Regencies/Cities in 2020 stipulated the highest wage in Semarang City of Rp. 2,715,000,-, while the lowest was found in the Banjarnegara district of Rp. 1,748,000. Determination of wages has been through existing mechanisms and refers to applicable laws and regulations. The minimum wage is calculated based on the formula of Article 44 paragraph (2) of Government Regulation no. 78 of 2015, in accordance with the Minister of Manpower Letter No. BM 305 Year 2019.</p>
Seeds with high vigour are seeds with normal growth on sub optimum and above normal condition. To predict the performance of seedlings after planting and the storability of seed, it is necessary to test the seed vigour. The purpose of this research was to investigate the growth vigour and storage vigour of merbau (Intsia bijuga), akor (Acacia mangium) and mindi (Melia azedarach) seeds. The viability levels was gained through different accelerated aging treatments by means of seeds saturation using ethanol steam (90%) and blowing heat air (50 0 C). The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with each treatment being replicated four times with 50 seeds. The result showed that the vigour of seeds with lower viability is more responsive to decrease. Merbau seed previously placed in under pressure condition grew as well as that on optimum condition; hence merbau seed had highest growth vigour. Merbau and akor seeds were more resistant to the effect of aging or unsuitable condition during storage period, therefore those seeds has higher storability than mindi seed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.