BackgroundThe mechanisms of nonarticular pain associated with Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection are still poorly understood. Many patients that progress to Subacute/Chronic phases have neuropathic pain (NP) besides the articular symptoms. The NP is associated with a less favorable outcome, with greater impact on quality of life and lower efficacy of treatment. The NP can reflect a dysfunction of the nervous system, rather than a neurological lesion induced by CHIKV, but the pathophysiology of the neural disfunction is not completely understood. There are no studies evaluating the electroneurographic findings in patients with CHIKV infection and neuropathic symptoms.ObjectivesTo evaluate the results of electroneurography (ENoG) of patients with Chikungunya Fever (CF) and neuropathic symptoms.MethodsPatients with diagnosis of CF (clinical and epidemiological) and symptoms of paresthesias underwent ENMG of upper and lower limbs. The electrodiagnostic evaluation consisted of nerve conduction study of median, ulnar, tibial, fibular, sural and plantar nerves. Clinical and epidemiological data were also recorded.ResultsThe sample was composed by 18 patients (82.3% females) with mean age of 56 (±9.9) years. The mean duration of symptoms of CF at the time of the ENoG was 23.8 (±10.8) weeks and the average of tender and swollen joints (including ankle and foot) was 29.6 (±21.5) and 9 (±9.9), respectively. The mean score of visual analogic scale (VAS) for pain was 4.4 (±2.4) and for fatigue was 5.9 (±2.9), considering values between 0 and 10. No patient presented axial pain and the number of painful joints was higher in upper (19.4±13.9) compared to lower limbs (10.2±8.4). Only 3 patients reported unspecific paresthesias prior to the onset of arbovirosis and worsening after CF. However, these 3 patients had normal ENoG. Six patients had diabetes. Mononeuropathy was the most frequent result occurring in 12 subjects (67%). Bilateral mononeuropathy of median nerve (at carpal tunnel) was found in 11 patients and one subject had median neuropathy just on the left hand. Other mononeuropathies were also present: bilateral tibial nerve in 4, bilateral plantar nerve in 2 and bilateral fibular nerve in 1 patient. Distal axonal polyneuropathy was present in 8 cases (6 sensory and 2 sensorimotor); 5 of these were diabetic. The ENoG was normal in 4 cases. Ten patients were in use of prednisone (mean dose 11.4mg/d) and just 6 were using antineurophatic agents.ConclusionsOur preliminary results indicate that the ENoG is altered in most patients with chronic articular manifestations of CF and associated paresthesias. Mononeuropathy is the most commom finding, even in the chronic phase of the disease when the nonarticular edema is not common. Further clinical studies with a larger number of patients and follow-up tests will be needed to confirm our data.References Andrade DC, Jean S, Clavelou P et al. Chronic pain associated with the Chikungunya Fever: long lasting burden of an acute illness. BMC Infectious Diseases 2010 10:31. Disclosure ...
BackgroundAn epidemic of Chikungunya Fever (CF) spread throughout South America in 2014. The acute manifestation of CF typically consists of febrile arthritis. The burden of the chronic articular manifestations remains a public health issue affecting activities of daily life. There is a very important impact on quality of life in patients affected by CF, even at chronic phase. The long-term functional status may also be affected by CF.ObjectivesTo evaluate longitudinally the disability, Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and functional status of patients with CF and analyze the clinical and epidemiological factors associated with different outcomes.MethodsPatients with clinical and demographic diagnosis of CF and persistent articular symptoms were evaluated in a cohort study between May 2016 and December 2016. HRQOL was rated by Short-Form 12 (SF-12) and the functional status was checked through Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Global Functional Status (GFS). Data were divided per weeks after disease onset and were analysed (Spearmans's correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney test).ResultsSixty-five patients (58 females), mean age of 51.3 (±13.3) were assessed. As expected, a significant correlation between pain related scores and Physical Health Composite Scale Score (PCS), HAQ and GFS was found (p<0.05)). Edema and morning stiffness correlated with PCS, HAQ and GFS status from 4 to 20 weeks after disease onset (p<0.05). There was improvement in scores of all instruments used from 4–8 weeks of disease to 12–16 weeks of disease (table 1). The worst indices of PCS, Mental Health Composite Scale Score (MCS) and GFS were scored in the first month, mean scores of 30.07±5.77, 38.13±8.54 and 3.15±1.07 respectively. Higher HAQ values were demonstrated between 4 and 8 weeks after disease onset (mean score 1.87±0.82).HRQOL and Functional Status in patients with CF4–8 weeks of disease12–16 weeks of diseaseP value (mean score)(mean score) PCS30.12±8.2135.86±11.110.0487MCS40.95±12.2347.02±12.090.0326HAQ1.87±0.821.36±0.860.0228Global Functional Status3.03±0.982.53±0.950.0438ConclusionsWe demonstrated the impact of CF on HRQOL and Functional Status of patients. The SF-12 Health Survey, HAQ and GFS are influenced mostly by patients pain and worsening of this status are more prominent in the first 8 weeks of disease. Further clinical studies of the impact of CF on quality of life and functional studies are neededReferences Soumahoro MK, Gérardin P, Boëlle PY et al. Impact of Chikungunya virus infection on health status and quality of life: a retrospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2009 Nov 11;4(11):e7800.Rahim AA, Thekkekara RJ, Bina T et al. Disability with Persistent Pain Following an Epidemic of Chikungunya in Rural South India. J Rheumatol. 2016 Feb;43(2):440–4.Couturier E, Guillemin F, Mura M et al. Impaired quality of life after chikungunya virus infection: a 2-year follow-up study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2012 Jul;51(7):1315–22. Disclosure of InterestNone declared
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