Aims: To establish the interrelationships of linear measurements of the vertical facial heights among different facial profiles in young Iraqi adult students. Materials and Methods: 75 students (48 males, 27females) of pleasing face, balanced facial profile were selected from the College of Dentistry, University of Mosul. For each subject seven vertical linear measurements{ Anterior facial height (n-gn), upper facial third, frontal third (tr-n ), middle facial third, nasal third (n-sn), lower facial third, gnathic third, (sn-gn), rest vertical dimension (RVD)(pn-pog), occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) (pn-pog) and angle of soft tissue profile facial convexity excluding the nose (n-sn-pog)} were measured directly on the subject's face under standarized conditions keeping Frankfort plane parallel to floor, using electronic digital vernier caliper (China). Results: sn-me, n-sn and free way space are significantly larger, while pn-pog (OVD) is significantly smaller in concave facial profiles (p≤ 0.05) indicating that the lower and middle facial thirds are responsible for the greater anterior facial height in these subjects compared with other facial profiles' subjects. The remaining variables distributed on statistical levels of difference between the upper and lower levels with non-significant difference (p>0.05) within facial profiles. Various correlations were noticed among all the studied variables for total sample, males and females and in different facial profiles. Of most important, is the positive significantly high correlation of pn-pog (OVD) and pn-pog (RVD) with n-me, sn-me for convex and straight profiles. Conclusions: From this study ,spatial relationships among various vertical facial dimensions and the dimensional proportions of different facial profiles in young Iraqi adult students were noticed.

Aims: To reveal the possible soft tissue difference in the upper and lower lip heights, separations and coverage of lower lip to upper incisors in different Angle's classes of malocclusion, to determine any difference in the mean between males and females for each variable and to find any correlation among the variables. Materials and Methods: Nightly nigh students (52 males, 47 females), 20-23 years of age that was randomly selected from the college of dentistry, University of Mosul.The overall sample was classified depending on Angle's classification of malocclusion into four groups (Class I, II.1, II.2 and III). For each group, four facial soft tissue variables were measured directly using electronic digital viernier caliper. Results: A major findings that emerged from the research is that the Class I subjects possessed higher values of upper lip length followed by Class II then Class III, this difference is significant between Class I,III and II,III and non significant between I,II. Where as Class III subjects possessed non significant higher values of lower lip length followed by Class II then Class I. The lip separation value is non significantly higher in Class II subjects followed by Class III then Class I. While Class III subjects possessed non significant higher values of lower lip to incisor superior followed Class I then Class II. Conclusions: For each specific Angle's class of malocclusion, a specific facial soft tissue parameters. The upper lip length is greater in Class I subjects. Class III subjects have the greater lower lip length. The inter-labial gap is larger in Class II subjects.While the coverage of the lower lip to incisor superior is greater in Class III subjects. Most of the variables are higher in males than females. Complex correlations among the studied variables are found that varied between weak to high positive or negative with varying degree of significance.

Supplementation with Ol during an orthodontic retention period, especially at 15.4 ml/kg b.w. per day concentration, clinically reduced orthodontic relapse on rabbit model. Histologically, Ol increased osteoblasts and osteocytes counts and the relative amount of bone mineralization of connective tissue layer forming alveolar bone (AB) at the end of four weeks after the orthodontic retention period.

The present study aimed to determine the mesiodistal axial angulations of upper and lower permanent anterior teeth in young Iraqi adults having normal occlusion using postero-anterior cephalograph. Also to detect the sex difference in the mesiodistal axial angulations of such teeth. The sample consisted of 33 young Iraqi adult students, 17 males and 16 females aged 20-23 years old who were having Class I normal occlusion. Postero-anterior cephalograph was taken for each subject and was traced to determine the mesiodistal axial angulation of upper and lower permanent anterior teeth. The results revealed that the mean values of mesiodistal axial teeth angulations in both sexes showed very limited variation. No significant bilateral differences were found for right and left sides for both jaws (for males, females and total sample). From the above results, it could be concluded that no significant bilateral differences in mesiodistal axial tooth angulations were found for both jaws, for total sample and for both sexes. Also, male-female comparison showed no significant difference in mesiodistal axial teeth angulations and for both jaws.

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