Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi bagaimana mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Ahmad Dahlan menyelesaikan permasalahan PISA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan didukung dengan data kuantitatif. Sebanyak 20 mahasiswa baru program studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Ahmad Dahlan tahun akademik 2016/2017 berpartisipasi sebagai subjek penelitian ini. Instrumen PISA tahun 2012 dialihbahasakan ke Bahasa Indonesia dan selanjutnya digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data kemampuan literasi matematika dan mengidentifikasi kesulitan mahasiswa. Seluruh data dianalisis bedasarkan kerangka PISA. Secara umum, sebanyak 65.7% mahasiswa mampu memahami permasalahan yang diberikan dan membuat strategi pemecahan masalah. Namun demikian, hanya 46.9% mahasiswa yang menjawab dengan benar. Selain itu, sebanyak 36.8% mahasiswa memahami permasalahan level 6 dan 23.7% diantaranya menjawab pertanyaan dengan benar. Mahasiswa memiliki aktivitas yang baik dalam proses interpretasi terhadap permasalahan individu maupun kelompok. Meskipun demikian, mahasiswa mengalami kesulitan dalam proses merumuskan dan mengerjakan permasalahan yang diberikan terutama yang berkaitan dengan konteks kerja dan sains.
AbstrakStrategi heuristik merupakan salah satu strategi pemecahan masalah matematika untuk mendapatkan hasil efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali, mengelompokkan, dan menganalisis strategi heuristik berdasarkan modifikasi model Krulik dan Rudnik, sehingga dapat dijadikan dasar untuk memberikan pendampingan dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang melibatkan 32 siswa SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Yogyakarta sebagai subjek penelitian. Variabel penelitian ini adalah indikator-indikator penggunaan heuristik model Krulik dan Rudnik, meliputi: read and think, explore and plan, select a strategy, find and answer, serta reflect and extend. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 2 siswa (6,25%) berada pada kategori baik dengan lebih sering melakukan semua strategi heuristik; 21 siswa (65,62%) berada pada kategori cukup dengan melakukan sebagian strategi heuristik; dan 9 siswa (28,13%) berada pada kategori kurang menunjukkan penggunaan strategi heuristik. Pada semua kategori, indikator find and answer lebih sering dilakukan siswa sedangkan indikator explore and plan masih jarang dilakukan.Kata Kunci: pemecahan masalah matematika, strategi heuristik, model Krulik dan Rudnik Abstract Heuristic strategy is one of the mathematics problem solving strategies to gain effective results. This research aimed to analyze the use of the heuristic strategies based on the modification of the Krulik and Rudnik model. This research discovered and classified the students' heuristic strategies which can be used as a basis to provide assistance in the learning. This research was a qualitative research involving 32 students of SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Yogyakarta as its subjects. The research variables are the indicators of the Krulik and Rudnik heuristic models which the students performed including: read and think, explore and plan, select a strategy, find and answer, as well as reflect and extend. The data was taken through questionnaire and interview methods. The result suggested that: 2 students (6.25%) were in the good category as they did all of the heuristic strategies more often; 21 students (65.62%) were in the fair category since they implemented some indicators of the heuristic strategies; and 9 students (28.13%) were in the poor category since they were lack in implementing the heuristic strategies. In all categories, indicator of find and answer was more oftenly done by the students while the indicator of explore and plan was less done.
Some countries have puppet culture in various forms, terms, and ways, including Indonesia. As a country with a diverse culture, it has detailed and comprehensive characteristics and stories related to puppets, especially the Javanese shadow puppet. Some experts have explored its characteristics and found out that it contains many mathematical elements which could be used as a starting point to learn mathematics. The elements, however, still focus on the exploration of geometry material. We hardly find any other material that has been explored as deep as the geometry material in the context of the Javanese shadow puppet. Therefore, this study aims to explore the other elements of mathematics potentially found in this context which—for this example—is the sets material. Besides, this study also discusses the righteous life values that the students could internalize during mathematics learning through shadow puppet culture. We used ethnography to explore it through literature study, documentation, and field notes. We found some interesting elements, characteristics, and patterns in the Javanese shadow puppet, which can be used as a starting point to learn the sets concept. Furthermore, the values and philosophy of the shadow puppet culture harbor the potential to foster the students’ good character and behavior.
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