The use of flywheel devices has increased in popularity within resistance training programs. However, little is known about modifiable variables which may affect power output responses, as the rope length and the height level used in a conical pulley device. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of using three different rope lengths (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 meters) and four different height levels (L1, L2, L3 and L4) on concentric peak power (PPconc), eccentric peak power (PPecc) and eccentric overload (eccentric/concentric PP ratio; EO) during conical pulley exercises (i.e. seated and stand-up row). A total of 29 recreationally trained subjects (25.3±7.1 years; 1.74±0.06 m; 72.5±8.3 kg) took part in the study. Testing sessions consisted of 1 set of 10 repetitions under each condition; experiment 1: seated row exercise using the three different rope lengths; experiment 2: stand-up row exercise using four different height levels of the conical pulley. Results from experiment 1 did not show differences between rope lengths, although a trend for greater PPecc (ES=0.36-0.38) and EO (ES=0.40-0.41) was found when using longer rope lengths (2.5 and 3.5). Experiment 2 showed significant increases in both PPconc and PPecc as the height level used was closer to the cone base (L4). In contrast, EO values were significantly greater when using upper height levels (L1). These results suggest that the height level used during conical pulley exercises highly influences power output responses. Therefore, this variable should be carefully managed depending on the training goal (e.g. power vs hypertrophy).
Objective: The present review aims to describe the state of the scientific evidence that exists about acute and chronic adaptations of CrossFit training. Method: This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement (PRISMA). Original research articles published until 7 June 2020, were searched using five databases. A total of 994 original publications were found. A total of 62 papers matched the inclusion criteria. Results: Short-term effects: CrossFit training results in higher physiological demands than other training modalities. Different work of the day analysed by the studies have shown specific performance demand profiles. Besides psychological and mechanical acute effects have been found after CrossFit sessions. So, the negative moods perception appears to reduce after a CrossFit training session. Long-term effects: maximum oxygen consumption improves after CrossFit programmes, in which experienced athletes seem to achieve a higher gain than recreational athletes. Important changes in body composition have been reported by several studies included in this review. From a psychological perspective, CrossFit practitioners obtain a higher adherence to training than occurs in other training methodologies. Prospects and projects: Specific requirements of every work of the day should be studied for the correct administration to participants. Accumulative fatigue indexes should be explored as an overtraining syndrome in CrossFit athletes because several authors have reported psychological variables related to training addiction. Conclusion: CrossFit-based training drives several physiological changes that could be influenced by the athlete’s expertise. Moreover, this type of training requires a high physiological demand, which is perceived by athletes. Nevertheless, participants achieve adherence to CrossFit regardless of their objectives. In the case of high-performance athletes, addictive exercise behaviours have been identified.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of using weightlifting movement and their derivatives in training on vertical jump, sprint times, and maximal strength performance. Thirty-four studies were used for meta-analysis with a moderate quality on the PEDro scale. Meta-analysis showed positive effects of weightlifting training, especially when combined with traditional resistance training on countermovement jump performance, sprint times, and one-repetition maximum squat (ES = 0.41, ES = −0.44, and ES = 0.81, respectively). In conclusion, results revealed the usefulness of weightlifting combined with traditional resistance training in improving sprint, countermovement jump and maximal strength performance.
Flywheel resistance training is a very useful method to optimize athletic performance. However, research assessing the different loading conditions hypothesis during flywheel resistance training is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the loading conditions used during flywheel resistance exercise on improvements in athletic performance. Twenty nine (29) athletes were randomly assigned to three different flywheel resistance training groups: vertical-directed exercises (VR), horizontal-directed exercises (HR) and a mixed group (MIX). Performance assessment included one repetition maximum (1-RM) in the half-squat exercise, countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and change of direction (COD) ability (5-0-5 agility test). For the 1-RM squat, significant improvements were found in the VR ( p = 0.011) and MIX groups ( p = 0.015). All groups showed significant increases in CMJ height ( p < 0.05), and significant decreases in 5-0-5 time with the non-dominant leg ( p < 0.05). As regards 5-0-5 with the dominant leg, the VR ( p = 0.004) and MIX groups ( p = 0.001) showed significant decreases in 5-0-5 time. Non-significant group × time interactions were noted. In conclusion, all groups showed similar improvements in 1-RM squat, jumping and COD performance. However, the inclusion of vertical-directed exercises seems to optimize increases in 1-RM squat.
Introduction: Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) has been defined as an increase in performance of voluntary movements after a high-intensity voluntary task. This phenomenon can be achieved through different strategies. However, the relationshi p between a conditioning eccentric overload (EO) exercise and PAPE in the upper extremities is scarce. The aim of this work was to study the application of PAPE to improve handball throwing velocity using EO, and to compare it with a traditional resistance training exercise. Material and methods: Fourteen team handball players carried out two sessions with different PAPE protocols. One of the sessions consisted of performing a PAPE protocol through a set of three repetitions at 90% of RM in the bench press (BP). In the other session, a set of three maximal-effort repetitions of one-handed horizontal press was carried out using a conical pulley (CP) with a 0.16 kg•m 2 inertial load. Throwing velocity was measured pre and post both protocols. Results: Both protocols showed a non-significant handball throwing velocity after the application of PAPE protocols (effect size = 0.24 and 0.20 for CP and BP respectively). Conclusions: None of the procedures obtained the expected PAPE phenomenon for the improvement of handball throw velocity. Future studies need to assess different EO protocols to elicit PAPE in complex sport-related actions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.