RESUMO O século XIX iniciou como tinha terminado o anterior, com as lutas pela independência das colônias americanas face às monarquias coloniais europeias. As ideias de nação e de povo que a constitui, de opinião pública que lhes dá uma identidade conjunta, transpareciam ou davam uma nova consistência à literatura de todos os publicistas liberais dos inícios do Oitocentos, isto é, a ligação imediata entre pensamento e ação. Esta ligação era o embasamento do conceito de mudança na nova forma de encarar a política, como saber e como método de compreensão do mundo. A Independência do Brasil no contexto mundial em que aconteceu, contribuiu para a teorização e debate da ideia colonial, de império e imperialismo. Sem pretendermos esgotar o assunto, procuramos estabelecer aqui uma ponte de compreensão entre esse debate na atualidade, e na época em que aconteceu.
The Portuguese colonial legislation summarized in the segregating measures of the Colonial Act of 1930, the year that inaugurated Salazar's dictatorship in Portugal after the 1926 military coup, had unavoidable consequences. Our goal is to demonstrate the importance of this political measure through the journalistic production of the Goan intellectuality, that is, the political culture that arose from the clash between the defenders of the regime and those who advocated solutions of freedom and democracy in autonomy or independence. After a comprehensive Goan press survey, the choice of a special issue of O Anglo-Lusitano to present as historical foundation in this study was due to the fact that owing to its broad spectrum of cultural and political participation, it served as medium for ascertaining the existence of a crossroad of visions of the imperial whole, in the construction of intellectual networks of opposition and resistance, both from Goa and exile, enunciating the end of the Portuguese empire.
This is a study of cultural history that intends to analyse the importance of the international gatherings for the history of the press and journalism. The congresses and their theoretical work provided an important contribution to the exposure and the deepening of those issues that, in the Lisbon Congress, led to the approval of a directive by which each national association should promote journalism within higher education. Centred in this event demonstrates how, without losing completely the sense of mission, journalism became a regulated profession and the journalist a professional with rights and duties inherent in that condition. In connection, the beginnings of the press as mega-industry and the position of the journalist as an employee in the cultural and political global context, with all the class associations, the alliances and social cleavages that this growth caused along the 20th century were patent in the debate occurred in Lisbon, substantiating it in a particularly decisive period of the evolution of democratic society. As a symptom of growth and adaptation, the debate during the Congress crisscrossed several important positions regarding the evolution of journalism, both as an idea and a concept, and as a profession. In addition tobeing a contribution to the research of the history of the press and its main actors in a little-studied chapter the international relations of the press, the relevance of this study lies in the fact of opening for current debates and reflection helping to understand the failures and achievements of contemporaneity.
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