Exhaust emission is one of the kind emission have contribute to the greenhouse effect in the world. Ethanol is one of the best tools to fight air pollution from vehicles. From its biodegradable nature to reductions in greenhouse gas and tailpipe emissions, ethanol provides a tool to address environmental concerns without requiring an entirely new way for goods and people to get from one place to another. Ethanol contains 35% oxygen and with adding oxygen to fuel results in more complete fuel combustion, reducing harmful tailpipe emissions. This paper addresses the possibility study of ethanol percentage to changing of performance and exhaust emissions for Diesel Engine using Virtual Engine Simulation Tool AVL Boost. In this study the blend formulation between Ethanol and Diesel Fuel were E0, E2.5, E5, E7.5 and E 10. The performance of diesel engine simulated in 1,000-1,500 rpm with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 Nm engine loads. The direct blending of ethanol and diesel fuel has advantages reducing exhaust emissions CO, Soot and NOx percentages. The engine power break of pure diesel is slightly lower than those of E2.5-E10, especially for speed above than 1400 rpm. The simulation work with the same results compare to the experiments can reduce the cost of research.
Electric vehicles have several disadvantages compared to conventional vehicles, such as their road ability and vehicle weight. To overcome these problems, range-extended engine technology has been developed. A range extender is a generator set that consists of an internal combustion engine coupled with a generator that operates when it is required. A vehicle simulator was deployed to compare the performance of three types of range-extended engines i.e. 1-cylinder 389 cc, 1-cylinder 494 cc and 2-cylinder 988 cc gasoline engines. The best type chosen was afterwards to be coupled with an electric vehicle. The performance data of each internal combustion engine was collected using experiment and simulation data. Two types of driving cycle, the Federal Test Procedure cycle and Artemis Rural Road cycle, were chosen to compare the optimum road ability of the vehicle. The result shows that the 2-cylinder 988 cc range-extended engine has the best performance, with an electrical motor energy consumption decrease of up to 83.26%, fuel consumption increase for the range-extended engine of up to 3.91 L/km, and a road ability increase of up to 232.79% compared to a pure electric vehicle.
An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the performance and emission of spark ignition (SI)engine fuelled with CNG at low and high load condition. This study is the series activity of research, design and development of conversion kit for gas fuelled vehicle in the author laboratory. The SI engine that used in this study is Honda L15A, four cylinders, 1,497 cm 3 using electronic control unit. Three different fuel system namely standard gasoline fuel system, commercially CNGconversionkit and proposed CNG conversion kit designed by Research Centre for Electrical Power and Mechatronics -Indonesian Institute of Sciences, all of them utilized with fuel injection system and electronic control unit were used in this study. The test was conducted on the 25% and 80% throttle opening position with engine speed over 4,800 rpm. The results show that the maximum brake power at 25% throttle opening position of SI engine using commercially CNG conversion kit (19.00 kW) is almost same with SI engine using proposed CNG conversion kit (19.68 kW), while for 80% throttle opening position the maximum brake power of SI engine using proposed CNG conversion kit (38.67 kW) is higher than commercially CNG conversion kit (34.29 kW). The emission of CO and HC at 80% throttle opening position is lower than at 25% throttle opening position for both of SI engine using commercially and proposed CNG conversion kit.
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