Crossed Andreev reflection (cAR) is a scattering process that happens in a quantum transport set-up consisting of two normal metals (NM) attached to a superconductor (SC), where an electron incident from one NM results in a hole emerging in the other. Typically, electron tunnelling (ET) through the superconductor from one NM to the other competes with cAR and masks its signature in the conductance spectrum. We propose a novel scheme to enhance cAR, in which the SC part of the NM-SC-NM is side-coupled to another SC having a different superconducting phase to form a Josephson junction in the transverse direction. At strong enough coupling and for a large enough phase difference, one can smoothly traverse between the highly ET-dominant to the highly cARdominant transport regimes by tuning chemical potential, due to the appearance of subgap Andreev states that are extended in the longitudinal direction. We discuss connections to realistic systems.
We study nonlocal transport in a two-leg Kitaev ladder connected to two normal metals. The coupling between the two legs of the ladder when the legs are maintained at a (large) superconducting phase difference, results in the creation of subgap Andreev states. These states in turn are responsible for the enhancement of crossed Andreev reflection. We find that tuning the different parameters of the system suitably leads to enhancement of crossed Andreev reflection signalled by transconductance acquiring the most negative value possible. Furthermore, subgap states cause oscillations of the transconductance as a function of various system parameters such as chemical potential and ladder length, which are seen to be a consequence of Fabry-Pérot resonance. * abhirams@uohyd.ac.in
We study charge pumping when a combination of static potentials and potentials oscillating with a time period T is applied in a one-dimensional system of non-interacting electrons. We consider both an infinite system using the Dirac equation in the continuum approximation, and a periodic ring with a finite number of sites using the tight-binding model. The infinite system is taken to be coupled to reservoirs on the two sides which are at the same chemical potential and temperature. We consider a model in which oscillating potentials help the electrons to access a transmission resonance produced by the static potentials, and show that non-adiabatic pumping violates the simple sin φ rule which is obeyed by adiabatic two-site pumping. For the ring, we do not introduce any reservoirs, and we present a method for calculating the current averaged over an infinite time using the time evolution operator U (T ) assuming a purely Hamiltonian evolution. We analytically show that the averaged current is zero if the Hamiltonian is real and time reversal invariant. Numerical studies indicate another interesting result, namely, that the integrated current is zero for any time-dependence of the potential if it is applied to only one site. Finally we study the effects of pumping at two sites on a ring at resonant and non-resonant frequencies, and show that the pumped current has different dependences on the pumping amplitude in the two cases.
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