Material and Methods: This is an experimental study with pre-test pos-ttest group design carried out by purposive sampling technique. In this study, sample were divided into 2 groups and each consist of 20 people which are handrubbing and handwashing groups. Bacterial samples were obtained by placing the right hand in a container that contain NaCl 0.9% solution for 1 minute. Samples were then grown in nutrient agar plate and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. The culture results were calculated using the colony counter tool. Results: There is a significant difference before and after handrubbing with significance 0.00 (P<0.05) and before and after handwashing with significance 0.001 (p<0.05) in reducing bacterial colonization in hand with. However, there is no significant association between handrubbing and handwashing method in reducing the number of bacterial colonization with a significance number of 0.892 (p> 0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant differences between handrubbing and handwashing in reducing the number of bacterial colonization.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of using green betel leaf (Piper bettle Linn) extract hand sanitizer gel in reducing the number of bacterial colonies in the palms of hand. Method: In this experimental research with posttest only with control group de-sign using dental clinical clerkship students of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Sumatera Utara. They were evenly divided into 5 groups. They were chlorhexidine gel (group 1), 1% green betel leaf extract (group 2), 3% green betel leaf extract (group 3), 5% green betel leaf extract (group 4), and use of placebo (group 5). Bacterial colonies isolated from the swabs were identified by stan-dard microbiological procedures. All statistical analysis methods were conducted using the one-way Anova and posthoc LSD tests. Results: The results of univariate analysis showed that sig <0.05, meaning that there was a difference in the number of bac-terial colonies between chlorhexidine, 1%, 3%, and 5% green betel extract gel. The one-way Anova test at 95% confidence level proved that the differences are significant at p-value 0,001. Conclusion: There is a difference in the effectiveness of using a hand sanitizer for green betel leaf extract on the number of bacterial colonies in the palms of hand. Hand sanitizer green betel leaf extract gel 5% more effective than 1% and 3% concentrations.
Tooth extraction is a form of treatment in dentistry. Tooth extraction has the potential to cause excessive anxiety in patients because patients tend to think about things that will or can happen during the procedure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Cananga aromatherapy (Cananga odorata) on the anxiety level of patients at RSGM USU. This research method is a quasi-experimental study using a re-experimental design non-randomized pretest and posttest control group design. The sample was divided into 2 groups, namely the treatment group and the control group. Each group consists of 16 people who will extract the posterior teeth of the upper and/or lower jaw. The treatment group was given a Cananga aromatherapy nasal inhaler and the control group was given an empty nasal inhaler without Cananga aromatherapy. Blood pressure and pulse measurements were taken twice. The first measurement after the patient was given informed consent and the MDAS questionnaire (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale) and the second measurement after inhaling the Cananga aromatherapy nasal inhaler and empty nasal inhaler without Cananga aromatherapy within 10 cm from the nasal cavity for 5 minutes. The results of this study were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. In the treatment group, there was a significant decrease in blood pressure and pulse compared to the control group with a value of p = 0.000 <0.005. This study concludes that Cananga aromatherapy is effective in reducing the anxiety level of patients before tooth extraction in RSGM USU.
Objective: Tooth extraction in oral surgery can lead to bleeding. Ozone water is a material that is able to accelerate healing process and prevent socket inflammation by stimulating and speeding up the work of cells like fibroblasts. Moreover, ozone water quickens the release of oxygen to the tissue to kill microorganism in tooth socket and accelerate healing process. Material and Methods: This is experimental research using post-test only with control group design. Ozone water is made using DSM Aero High Voltage. The ozonation process takes 30 minutes and followed by soaking a tampon in the ozone water. Patients in the treatment group bite the tampon for 30 minutes while patients in the control group bite a dry tampon. After 30 minutes, the tooth socket is checked to observe the inflammation using the Gingival Score Index. Patients are instructed to come back 7 days after the tooth extraction to check on the inflammation. There is a total of 38 samples in the study and they are divided into 2 groups (treatment and control). This study is conducted in the Department of Oral Surgery and Maxillofacial Faculty of Dentistry USU. Results: The average of Gingival Index after 30 minutes is 0.42±0.507 and 0.95±0.911 for treatment and control groups, respectively. On day 7 the average is 0.00±0.00 for treatment group and 0.37±0.496 for control group. Conclusion: Ozone water is able to stimulate and quicken the healing process for wounds and reduce the inflammation of the tooth socket.
The inferior alveolar nerve block technique (Fischer's method) is a local anesthetic technique that is often used in daily dental and surgical treatment. However, the failure rate reaches 15-20% because many factors affect the technique's success. Therefore, this descriptive study aims to determine the knowledge of clinical dental students regarding the inferior alveolar nerve block technique and the management of the failure associated with its characteristics. A cross-sectional approach was employed by using a validated questionnaire consisting of 2 parts, namely 6 general questions and 12 knowledge questions, which were distributed to 68 clinical dental students in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara in 2019. The results showed that 51.5% of the students had good knowledge, 41.2% had fair knowledge and 7.4% had less knowledge. The highest percentage of students based on male gender had fair knowledge (10 people out of 15) and the female had good knowledge (30 people out of 53). The clinical dental students’ level of knowledge based on whether they have ever or never failed to perform an anesthetic block technique is in a good category. In conclusion, most of the clinical dental students at the Department of Oral Surgery in 2019 had a good level of knowledge about the inferior alveolar nerve block technique and its failure management.
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