Hal yang paling penting dalam konsep pendidikan agama islam adalah adanya sebuah konsep fitrah manusia. Fitrah manusia tidak selalu identik dengan teori kertas kosong atau tabularasa, sebab kata tabulrasa seperti yang di praktekkan oleh john locke yang hanya melihat manusia itu seperti kertas putih, ibarat kertas yang belum di coret, sehingga pengaruh lingkungan itu sangat berdampak dan adanya pendidikan menjadi hal yang sangat penting. Di dalam fitrah manusia terdapat potensi bawaan yang dibawa oleh manusia yakni potensi daya atau kekuatan untuk bisa menerima sebuah tauhid atau agama islam maka dari itu dalam adanya lingkungan dan keluarga sangat mempengaruhi dan strategis dalam mengembangkan fitrah manusia itu sendri, dengan artian kalau anak di arahkan kepada hal yang positif dan baik maka akan terarah dan menjadikan dirinya sebegai penerus bangsa regenerasi bangsa yang cinta damai, tentram, inklusif, dan terus mengembangkan. Hal tersebut Menunjukkan bahwa Manusia dengan segala potensinya, sanggup merealesasikan apa yang sudah menjadi keinginannya, proses mengembangkan kemampuan yang dimiliki melalui pendidikan tidak menjadi jaminan dalam membentuk krakter dan bakat menuju insan yang baik dan menjadi kebanggaan dan disenangi oleh semuanya terlebih di cintai penciptanya, maka dari hal itu adanya sebuah pendidikan agama Islam selalu memberikan hal yang baru dan selalu mewarnai hidup kita sesuai dengan potensi yang dimiliki oleh manusia itu sendri.
Background: Black Cumin/Nigella sativa (NS) which belongs to the botanical family of Ranunculaceae commonly grows in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Western Asia. Its prolonged use can produce physiological changes with or without affecting the architecture of different organs like the heart (cardiac remodeling). The data for the cardiovascular benefits of black cumin are not well-established scientifically. Objectives: To determine the direct cardiovascular effects of Nigella Sativa extract on heart rate, cardiac contractility (apical force), ECG, and coronary flow in the normal heart with and without cardiac remodeling. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on forty-two (42) rabbits. These rabbits were divided into seven groups, each comprising six animals (Group I-VI without cardiac remodeling and Group VII with cardiac remodeling). NS was given to these groups in different doses i.e., Group I (NS=10ug), Group II (NS=30ug), Group III (NS=100ug), Group IV (NS=300ug), Group V (NS=3000ug), Group VI (NS=10000ug) and VII (NS=300ug). Radnoti's working heart system was used to determine the effects of NS on heart rate, cardiac contractility (apical Force), ECG, and coronary flow in a normal heart with and without cardiac remodeling. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 28. Results: Results of this study revealed negative chronotropic and positive inotropic effects without ECG changes in the normal heart and with ECG changes in the remodeled heart. Conclusions: Prolonged use of Nigella sativa can lead to disturbed ECG by affecting the conducting tissue.
Introduction: Low doses of aspirin and statins are usually given in conjunction to patients with coronary artery disease. Aspirin at low doses is known to cause hyperuricemia in these patients which can further worsen their condition, while statins can theoretically counteract this effect. However, this interaction needs to be tested. Aims & Objectives: To estimate the effect of atorvastatin and low dose of aspirin alone and in combination on serum uric acid level and urinary uric acid excretion in normal rats. Place and duration of study: Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore from July, 2018 to August, 2018. Material & Methods: Twenty-four healthy Sprague Dawley rats were distributed equally into four groups (Normal control, Aspirin, Atorvastatin and Combination groups). They were given distilled water, aspirin (6.75mg/kg), atorvastatin (5mg/kg) or combination of the same doses of aspirin and atorvastatin for 4 weeks. One ml blood and twenty-four-hour urine sample was collected on week 0 and 4 for estimation of uric acid and creatinine concentrations. Fractional excretion of uric acid was calculated. Results: At the end of four weeks the Aspirin group had higher serum uric acid level and lower fractional excretion of uric acid as compared to the Normal control group. Atorvastatin group had lower serum uric acid and higher urinary uric acid level as compared to Aspirin group while combination had higher serum uric acid level versus Normal control. fractional excretion of uric acid decreased from 0-4 weeks in Aspirin and Combination groups only. Conclusion: The role of atorvastatin in lowering serum uric acid levels in group receiving atorvastatin alone and in combination group emerged non-significant.
Background: Hypertension is a growing medical and public health issue. The United States and European treatment guidelines have been issued to attain smooth control of hypertension in various categories of patients. It is a need of time to unveil safe combination therapies in various populations. Objectives: (i) To determine the efficacy of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide versus valsartan and amlodipine (ii) To determine the safety and tolerability of both combinations. Materials & Methods: This experimental study was conducted at Shalamar Hospital Lahore. 126 patients with stage 2 hypertension were recruited from the medical outdoor of Shalamar Hospital Lahore after getting informed consent. In group A, 63 patients were given valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide. In group B, 63 patients were given valsartan and amlodipine. Blood pressure (BP) of both study groups was recorded on day zero, 2nd, 4th, and 8th weeks and the readings were entered on a Proforma. The efficacy of drug combinations was accessed in both groups by recording the change in mean systolic blood pressure (MSBP) and mean diastolic blood pressure (MDBP). The safety and tolerability of the drug combinations were assessed in terms of side effects and laboratory findings. Results: In group A, there was a 39±7mmzHg and 18±1mmHg decrease in MSBP and MDBP, respectively, from baseline BP. In group B, there was a 26.7±4mmHg and 14±2 mmHg decrease in MSBP and MDBP, respectively, from baseline BP. Both combinations were safe, and no significant difference in the efficacy of both combinations was observed after 8-week of treatment. Conclusion: Both combinations are effective for control of BP, but the valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide combination (group A) appears to have better tolerability and greater effect in decreasing BP as compared to the combination of valsartan and amlodipine (group B), although this difference is not statistically significant.
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