Colorectal cancer is among the most lethal of malignancies, due to its propensity to metastatic spread and multifactorialchemoresistance. The latter property supports the need to identify novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of colorectal cancer. MicroRNAs are endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules that function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Recently, programmed cell death 4 has been identified as a protein that increases during apoptosis. This gene is among the potential targets of miR-21 (OncomiR). Locked nucleic acid-modified oligonucleotides have recently emerged as a potential therapeutic option for targeting microRNAs. The aim of this study was to explore the functional role of locked nucleic acid-anti-miR-21 in the LS174T cell line in vitro and in vivo models. LS174T cells were treated with locked nucleic acid-anti-miR-21 for 24, 48, and 72 h in vitro. The expression of miR-21 and PDCD4 at messenger RNA (mRNA) level was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while the protein level of PDCD4 was determined by Western blotting. Cell migratory behavior and the cluster-forming ability of cells were assessed before and after therapy. The disseminated tumor cells were assessed in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model by Alu quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Locked nucleic acid-antimiR-21 was transfected successfully into the LS174T cells and inhibited the expression of miR-21. Locked nucleic acid-anti-miR-21 inhibited the migration and the number of cells forming clusters. Moreover, we found that locked nucleic acid-anti-miR-21 transfection was associated with a significant reduction in metastatic properties as assessed by the in ovo model. Our findings demonstrated the novel therapeutic potential of locked nucleic acid-anti-miR-21 in colon adenocarcinoma with high miR-21 expression.
This study was evaluated the clonal diversity of Streptococcus mutans in caries-free and caries-active subjects using MLEE. Strains from caries-free subjects were grouped in a single taxon. Unrooted dendrogram showed that different strains clustered in four different clades, also showed that more than one clonal type can be found in a same individual.
In current study using Saponaria officinalis (Related to Caryophyllaceae family) hydroalcoholic extracts for in vitro growth inhibition of an avian isolated fatal Escherichia coli (isolated from coli CRDcomplex carcasses) were reported. The disc diffusion method was used for evaluation of the antibacterial effects of Saponaria extracts in comparison to some routine antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Saponaria extracts against avian pathogenic E. coli, APEC, using tube dilution technique was studied. In titration technique for MIC, the concentration of the extracts was estimated in v/v in Dimethyle sulfoxide (DMSO) as inert solvent. For minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) studies 0.1 ml of MIC titer beside, a tube before and after, MIC titer were used for cultivation on Muller Hinton agar. Based on the results, the zones of inhibition for 10, 15 and 20 µl of Saponaria disks were 16, 18 and 19 mm, respectively, and the zones of inhibition diameter for antibiotic disks of Fosbac (Fos), Oxytetracycline (Oxy) and Danofloxacin (Dfx) were 15, 0 and 14 mm, respectively. In MIC technique, it is oriented that the concentration of 1/80 inhibits APEC growth but for MBC, the bacterial growth on Muller Hinton agar was not stopped. The present study has revealed that saponin extract from S. officinalis has useful antibacterial effects.
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