The current work was carried out to evaluate the biochemical effects of LC 50 of four compounds; emamectin and spinetoram as bioinsecticides, hexaflumuron and teflubenzuron as Insect growth regulators (IGR's) against
Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the efficacy of the chitin synthesis inhibitor (cyromazine) against all larval stages of Culex pipiens. The compound was tested its efficacy on larval mortality, larval duration, pupation, pupal duration and adult emergence. Also, the histological effects of cyromazine on the midgut, the integument, the fatbodies and the muscles of 4 th larval instar treated as 1 st larval instar were studied. The tested compound increased the larval mortality, decreased the percent pupation and adult emergence and prolonged the pupal duration. Also, this compound elicited histological effects on the midgut, the integument, the fat bodies and the muscles of 4 th larval instar of C. pipiens treated as 1 st larval instar with 0.01 and 0.1 ppm.
The histochemical effects of the lethal concentration that kills 50% of larvae (LC50) of three biological agents, abamectin, Bacillus thuringiensis and spinosad on the carbohydrates (polysaccharides), proteins, nucleic acids and lipids content of the midgut and fat bodies of Culex pipiens 2 nd instar larvae were studied. The results showed that the three tested compounds reduced the carbohydrates (polysaccharides), proteins, RNA synthesis and lipids content after 72 hours of treatment where abamectin was the most effective followed by Bacillus thuringiensis then spinosad.
The current work was carried out to evaluate the morphological effects of insect growth regulators e.g. : applaud (buprofezin), consult (hexaflumuron) and match (lufenuron) as chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs), mimic (tebufenozide) as ecdysone agonist (EA) and admiral (pyripyroxyfen) as juvenile hormone analogue (JHA) against the housefly, M. domestica. Various morphological aberrations were induced in larvae, pupae and adults of M. domestica. The highest percentage of larval deformities caused by mimic, (can not molt or shrinked). Consult gave the highest percentage of malformation in the resulting pupae (C. shaped, elongated, distorted, two constricted, tapering anterior and broad posterior , cylindrical adult uncompleted). Admiral and mimic induced high percentage of abnormalities in the adult flies (small size body and curved legs, crumbled wings and curved abdomen). Larval-pupal intermediates and pupal-adult intermediates were induced as a result of these treatments.
The aim of the current study was to identify and compare the biological consequences of three nanoparticles (NPs): "silver, aluminum oxide, and zinc oxide" against the house fly "Musca domestica L.". The NPs were applied by feeding the early second instar larvae on diets mixed with the selected NPs at varying concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and The consequences demonstrated that all the tested NPs were toxic to M. domestica larvae. Silver NPs were the most toxic, induced 100% larval mortalities at 40 mg/g diet and its toxicity index was 100. Median lethal concentration values (LC 50 ) were 20.8, 38.7, and 49.6 mg/g diet for Ag, Al 2 O 3, and ZnO NPs, respectively. The tested NPs caused a significant prolongation (P<0.05) in larval and pupal period. The pupation percent and adult emergence decreased significantly (P<0.05) by all NPs as contrasted to the control group. All the tested NPs caused a reduction in the larval and pupal weights. In addition, the fecundity and hatchability decreased significantly (P<0.05) by all the NPs. The sterility increased with all the NPs. In conclusion, silver NPs were more effective than the other NPs against the house fly.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.