The carbonate leaching
of scandium from the landfilled bauxite
residue (red mud) of the Bogoslovsky Aluminum Plant (Russia) and samples
of red mud (RM) after alkaline pretreatment has been investigated.
The results of kinetic studies allowing to compare and evaluate the
effectiveness of different conditions and intensification factors
in the process of scandium leaching from RM in carbonate/bicarbonate
media are presented. It was determined that for 2.0 mol L
–1
Na
2
CO
3
leaching solution ultrasonic treatment
under gas (CO
2
) carbonation conditions in the pH range
of 9.5–10.0 allows reducing the scandium leaching time by two
times and reaching 40–45% scandium extraction. Leaching of
RM in carbonate/bicarbonate media is accompanied by secondary processes
(adsorption, hydrolysis, and coprecipitation) leading to a decrease
in scandium extraction. The obtained results allow improving understanding
of scandium chemical behavior in complex aqueous carbonate/bicarbonate
systems and can be used for the optimization of the alternative carbonate
process for scandium extraction from RM.
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