Detection probability of contaminations in organ culture media does not increase between days 3 and 8; therefore, sterility can be tested on day 3. With the recommended follow-up after sterility testing being 7 days, microbiologic release can take place after 10 days of culture. Nevertheless, the testing is not failsafe, and should always be combined with macroscopic inspection of the media.
BackgroundConsent for cornea donation from non–heart-beating donors is often requested by means of telephone interviews with relatives of the deceased. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of specifically tailored interviewer communications training among other factors related to obtaining consent.MethodsA retrospective analysis of consent requests made by the Aachen Cornea Bank was performed. Interviews were conducted via telephone by 26 ophthalmic residents or fellows in accordance with German and European laws and guidelines. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors related to the consent. Results were expressed as odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and Wald P value.ResultsIn 1694 interviews, the overall consent rate was 50.12%. Multivariate analysis identified 4 significant factors associated with the donation decision. Completion of a specific communication training seminar increased odds of consent by 1.533 (95% CI, 1.250-1.880; P < 0.0001). The individual interviewer had an impact on the OR of up to 1.255 (95% CI, 1.113-1.417; P = 0.0002). The odds for consent were inversely correlated with the clinical experience of the interviewer (OR, 0.884; 95% CI, 0.831-0.938; P < 0.0001). The consulted family member was 0.894 times less likely to grant consent for donation with each increase in degree of blood relation (95% CI, 0.849-0.940; P < 0.0001).ConclusionsA telephone interview is effective for obtaining consent for cornea donation. The consent decision may be associated with factors relating to the interviewer as well as the consulted family member. Specific training for cornea bank staff may increase the odds of obtaining consent.
Physicians involved in obtaining consent for cornea donation by telephone feel highly stressed and only moderately prepared for fulfilling the task both for the information content and on the emotional level. Accordingly, specific communication training is perceived as highly meaningful, necessary and helpful. An educational program was developed to meet the needs and expectations of physicians.
Zusammenfassung Gegenstand: Retrospektive Untersuchung der mittels bronchoalveolärer Lavage (BAL) gewonnenen Keimflora der tiefen Atemwege erkrankter Hunde auf ihre Antibiotikaempfindlichkeit über 5 Jahre. Material und Methoden: Auswertung der Ergebnisse der Agardiffusionstests von Bakterienisolaten, die in den Jahren 2004–2009 von 84 Hunden isoliert wurden, und Vergleich mit den Resultaten einer gleichartigen Analyse der Jahre 1999/2000. Ergebnisse: Bei den 99 geprüften Bakterienisolaten handelte es sich um Pasteurella spp. (27,3%), Bordetella bronchiseptica (20,2%), Staphylococcus spp. (18,2%), Escherichia coli (15,2%), Klebsiella spp. (8,1%), Pseudomonas spp. (7,0%) und Streptococcus spp. (4,0%). Bei acht Hunden lagen Mischkulturen vor. Die Mehrzahl der Bordetella-(B.-)bronchiseptica-Isolate erwies sich als sensibel gegenüber den Fluorchinolonen sowie Tetracyclin, Doxycyclin und Polymyxin B. Im Vergleich zu 1999/2000 zeigte sich ein höherer Anteil der gegenüber Amoxicillin/Clavulansäure und Chloramphenicol empfindlichen B.-bronchiseptica-Isolate, wobei die Zunahme bezüglich Chloramphenicol statistisch signifikant war. Die überwiegende Anzahl der Staphylococcus-Isolate erwies sich gegenüber Enrofloxacin, Marbofloxacin, Amoxicillin/Clavulansäure, Chloramphenicol, Cephalexin, Doxycyclin und Polymyxin B sensibel. Im Vergleich zu 1999/2000 ergab sich ein erhöhter Anteil an Chloramphenicolund Tetracyclin-sensiblen Staphylococcus-Isolaten. Der Anteil Enrofloxacin-sensibler KlebsiellenIsolate betrug 62,5%, während er 1999/2000 bei 100% lag. Eine Sensibilität aller getesteten Klebsiellen-Isolate ließ sich noch gegenüber Polymyxin B nachweisen. Kein Antibiotikum zeigte eine Wirksamkeit gegenüber allen E.-coli-Isolaten. Statistisch signifikant war die Abnahme der gegenüber Amoxicillin/Clavulansäure-sensiblen Isolate. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die Studie unterstreicht den Nutzen der BAL für eine ätiologische Diagnostik und den anschließenden fundierten Einsatz von Antibiotika. Die Mehrzahl der Bakterienisolate erwies sich als empfindlich gegenüber den Fluorchinolonen.
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