The study identified development projects instituted under the CSDP, ascertained extent of community participation at every critical stage of the project and determined whether perceived sustainability of CSDPs was significantly related to community participation in Kwara State. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 respondents for the study. Structured interview schedule was used for data collection while percentages, mean scores and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were used for data analysis. Community participation in organization of and attendance at meeting and financial contribution was high with weighted mean scores of 1.62 and 1.50, respectively, but low in most other project components. There was significant but positive relationship between age (r = 0.25), estimated monthly income (r = 0.26) and perceived sustainability (r = 0.31) and community participation at p ≤ 0.01. In contrast, there was significant but inverse relationship between community participation and number of project executed (r = -0.25). In conclusion, extent of community participation was low in most project components and community participation tended to increase with higher monthly income, fewer number of projects individual participated in, and higher perceived sustainability of the projects. Stakeholders of the CSDPs at government’s and grassroots’ levels should allow for more engagement of the people at all components of the CSDPs and the local communities should take on fewer projects at a time so as to enhance community participation.Keywords: Community participation, CSDP, participatory development, perceived sustainability, gender balance
The study assessed the determinants of the use of Ethno-Veterinary Management (EVM) practices among sheep and goats farmers in southwest, Nigeria. A validated interview schedule was used to source information from one hundred and twenty farmers for the study. Data were collected on selected farmers’ socio-economic characteristics, various EVM practices and constraints encountered on the use of various EVM practices. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentage, means, standard deviation and ranking were employed to summarize the data. Binomial logit regression analysis was employed to assess the determinants of the use of EVM practices among sheep and goats farmers. The study revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 32.7 years with 58.3% males. Also, 91.7% were able to read and write and the mean household size was 4 while 40% received information on EVM practices. The common diseases and pests of sheep and goats in the study area were foot rot, mastitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis, trypanosomiasis, ticks, fleas and mites. Common EVM practices employed by the farmers were: the use of spent engine oil, kerosene, oil extracts of palm oil vernonia conferta leaves etc. Age and sex had negative relationships with the use of EVM practices at 5% level of significance while educational level, household size, farming experience, sources of information on EVM practices had positive significant relationships with the use of EVM practices. Insufficient fund was the major constraint hindering the rearing of sheep and goats in the study area. It was concluded that small ruminants’ farmers did manage their stocks employing some EVM practices and sensitize farmers on the efficacy of some EVM practices. Government should encourage veterinary practices which will integrate western medicines and EVM practices together for the use of small ruminants’ farmers.
The study was embarked upon to assess the poverty status among small scale farm household's micro credit users in Ekiti state. Specifically, the study described the socio economic characteristics of the respondents identified the poverty status of the respondents and determined the factors affecting the poverty status of the small scale farm household's micro credit users in Ekiti state. A well-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from 150 respondents selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure. The data were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) indices and multivariate probit model. It was revealed that most of the respondents were within the active age range with mean age of 46 years, mostly male (78.67%), married (88%) with average household size of 6 persons. The majority, 85.33% had access to formal education while the average farm size was 2 ha with average farm household income of N224,846.00 per annum. The average farming experience was 18 years and the main source of micro credit to the majority (71.33%) of the respondents was micro credit agency in the state. The average loan applied for and granted was N427,950 but N161,755 was the average amount spent on farming activities. The main challenge encountered in accessing micro credit facilities by 48% (most) of the respondents was lack of collateral security. In determining the poverty status among the respondents, Mean Per Capita Household Annual Income (MPCHHAI) of N45,905 was used as poverty line. It was revealed that 73.33% of the respondents were poor while the main factors affecting the poverty status of the respondents were sex, age, educational level, household size, membership of socioeconomic organization, household income and amount of micro credit collected. It was recommended that the size of micro credit given to the farmers by micro credit agency should be improved upon and diversion of micro credit meant for agricultural production should be discouraged in order to boost agricultural production and alleviate poverty among the small scale farmers.
The study investigated rice farmers’ awareness and perception of climate change on rice production in Ondo State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to: describe the socio-economic characteristics of the rice farmers, determine the level of awareness among rice farmers, examine the perceptions of the respondents on climate change, examine the coping strategies to climate change and identify the constraints militating against the production of rice. A validated interview scheduled was used to source information from one hundred and forty-four rice farmers. Primary data were collected on some socio-economic characteristics of rice farmers, awareness level of climate change, perceived effect of climate change on rice production, adaptation strategies and constraints to rice production in the study area. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentage, mean, and ranking were used to summarize the data. Multiple regression analysis was employed to determine the relationships between selected socio-economic characteristic of rice farmers and their level of awareness of climate change. The mean age of rice farmers was 43.1 years with male (59.7%) dominated rice farming, 78.5% were married, and 70.2% percent could read and write. The mean annual income was N298.611 and mean farm size was 3.3hectares. Rice farmers were aware of climate change through some changes in climate elements such as excessive rainfall, prolonged dry season, high temperature, pests, and diseases infestations etc. As perceived by rice farmers, some effects of climate change were poor growth, poor yield, poor marketing, and the adaptation strategies employed were increased farm size, planting of improved rice varieties, irrigation practices change in planting periods etc. The regression results shows that household size had co-efficient (0.30), sex (0.509), years of farming experience (0.211) and level of education (0.383) which are positively significant to rice farmers’ awareness of climate change. It was found that rice farmers were aware of climate change. The study therefore recommends that rice farmers should be encouraged by Government and Non-Government agencies through the provision of improved rice varieties, fertilizers etc. Rice farmers should also be encouraged to form themselves into cooperative societies in order for them to have easy access to credit and other facilities.
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