Abstract-In this paper, we describe a simple second-order discrete-time model for the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) with Random Early Detection (RED) algorithm. The TCP/RED mechanism is viewed as a feedback control system where TCP adjusts its sending rate depending on packet loss. We investigate bifurcations and chaos in a TCP/RED system with a single TCP connection. We conjecture that the complex behavior observed in the system is attributed to a class of discontinuity-induced bifurcations observed in piecewise smooth systems.
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