Rationale: The number of infertile couples and women seeking in vitro fertilization (IVF) is on the rise worldwide. At the same time, the probability of pregnancy after one IVF attempt is 25-40%. Among the various causes of IVF failure, the impact of opportunistic infections remains underestimated. Purpose: retrospective assessment of the dependence of the number of successful in vitro fertilization attempts on the intensity of immunity to opportunistic infections. Methods: On the basis of the clinic of the Kuban State Medical University, from January 2020 to March 2021, 865 women aged 26 to 48 years with infertility, included in the assisted reproductive technology (ART) program, were observed. Before the IVF procedure, all patients were examined by ELISA and PCR for the presence of herpesvirus infections (herpes infection, CMV infection) and toxoplasmosis. The study included 79 people with unexplained infertility with a history of one to four IVF cycles and positive antibody titers (IgG+, IgM-) to HSV, CMV, and toxoplasmosis. During the study, groups were formed depending on the presence of opportunistic infections and the number of unsuccessful IVF attempts. Results: during the study, a dependense was established between the number of IVF attempts and the level of the initial (before pregnancy) IgG to Toxoplasma (TOXO). A negative prognosis for the effectiveness of IVF is most likely in the presence of high titers of IgG TOXO (370.057.0 U/ml). In the case of herpes infection, there was a tendency to increase the number of necessary IVF attempts to 3-4 in the group with higher HSV IgG levels. The baseline IgG CMV level was not directly related to the effectiveness of the IVF procedure. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the importance of determining the intensity of immunity to toxoplasma and herpes infection in preparation for IVF, especially if there is a history of unsuccessful IVF attempts or spontaneous abortion.
The purpose of the study. The improvement of the diagnosis oftuberculosis in HIV-infected patients on the basis ofa comparative study of tissue reactions of immunecompetent organs in disseminated tuberculosis and changes of the immunological status at different stages of HIV infection. Materials and methods. Pathological studies were performed on autopsy material of 11 cases oftuberculosis with HIV infection, and 6 autopsy observations of HIV infection. Studies of indices of the immunological response was performed in 60 patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (DPT) agedfrom 18 to 49 years, associated with HIV infection - 30 people (DPT + HIV) - the first group; and DPT without HIV infection - 30 people - the second group. The result of the study Progression of tuberculosis in patients on the background of HIV infection leads to the death both at the early and late stages of HIV infection. Histopathological features of lymphoid tissue response to tubercular process, depending on the stage of HIV infection were revealed. The structure of the granulation tissue of immunocompetent organs forming even at the terminal stage of the course of HIV infection testifies to the presence of residual immunological reserves. Damage to the immune system in tuberculosis and HIV infection has an systemic manifesting by a deep suppression of T- and B- cellular components of the immune system. In the course of HIV infection in patients with disseminated tuberculosis regular there are in process changes of quantitative and qualitative indices of the cellular component of l immunity, humoral immunity, nonspecific protection factors, and the functional activity ofneutrophils. Along with a decline in the number of CD4+ lymphocytes, the serum level of immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes increases. Immunodeficiency determines a more severe course of tuberculosis. Conclusion The evaluation of the immune status and pathologic response of lymphoid tissue in patients with tuberculosis and HIV infection is needed for the diagnosis of the stage of the process, the choice of the method of the treatment, the estimation of its effectiveness and outcome prediction for the disease
The aim of the study is the improvement of the efficiency of IVF on the basis of the determination of immunological and infectious risk factors for miscarriage. The materials and methods. The object of research were 21 female infertility patients included in the program of ancillary reproductive technologies (ART) for the period of 2014-2016, who had in a history from one to four ineffective IVF response. The average age of studied women was 33.5±0.9 years, the number of years with infertility amounted to 7,3±1,0. In the preparation for IVF women received a complete course of general clinical examination to identify the causes of infertility. The study of the immune status was carried out with the use of one - and two-parameter phenotyping, the results included data obtained with the flow-through cytofluorometer BECKMAN COULTER EPICS XL-II (USA), treated according to standard protocols. The control group consisted of 30 fertile women. The results of the study. Infertility women planning IVF, were found to be characterized by presenting a combination of persistent opportunistic infections of herpes group: HSV and CMV. In the 90,5% of women there were identified various immunodeficiency states from both cellular and humoral immunity: the characteristic increase in the content of HLA-DR, a reduction in CD19+ cells. In primary infertility states changes in cellular immunity were more pronounced, additionally there was the decline in immunoregulatory index (IRI), the increase in the content of CD8+, CD25+, IgM. An imbalance of the immune system in women with persistence of several opportunistic infections was both more pronounced, than in cases with monoinfection and manifested by such abnormalities of cellular immunity as the gain in the content of CD8+, NK cells CD16+, CD56+, CD25+, a decline in IRI. The conclusion. In the course of the preparation for IVF in an examination mode of women with the primary infertility and the presence of markers of several opportunistic infections, it is advisable to include an evaluation of the immune status. The identification of secondary immune deficiency is an indication for inclusion of immunocorrective therapy in the comprehensive treatment.
There is reported an example of a clinical diagnosis and successful treatment of acute acquired toxoplasmosis, manifested in the first trimester of pregnancy. Implementation of specific antiparasitic therapy starting from the second trimester of pregnancy contributed both to the normalization of the status of women and prevention of congenital malformations of the fetus. Dynamic following up of the child showed stable positive neurological status, psychomotor development corresponded to age over 8 years. The increasing of cytochemical activity of monocytes and lymphocytes is a sensitive additional diagnostic test for acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women.
The purpose of research - based on analysis of the clinical-epidemiologic data, the level of viral load and the prevalence of HCV genotypes to determine current consistencies and epidemiological trends of the development of HCV-infection in the area of the Krasnodar Territory. Patients and methods. Population incidence of hepatitis C in the Krasnodar Territory was studied for the period from 2004 to 2011. Clinical manifestations of the disease we evaluated on the base of a retrospective analysis of 1913 hospital records of patients with chronic hepatitis C. There were investigated the results of 19,338 qualitative PCR studies of RNA-HCV, 2041 studies for genotyping and 363 results of quantitative evaluation of RNA-HCV Results. In the Krasnodar Territory there is revealed circulation of 1a, 1b, 2, 3a HCV genotypes. In a population of genotypes 1b (48 %) and 3a (38 %) prevail. In recent years there has been visible trend to displacement of genotype 1b by the increase the incidence of genotype 3 a in a set of areas. Social Portrait of the patient with hepatitis C: a man aged 28 to 48, a city resident, a salary earner or unemployed. There were established gender peculiarities: males are more often infected with hepatitis C genotype 3a, females - genotype 1b. In most cases (65%) viremia is characterized by moderate viral load. In the studied population there is revealed the relationship between the activity of the process and infection with certain genotype. Moderate grade of hepatitis activity is significantly more frequently recorded in the disease caused by 1c and 3 a virus subtypes. Minimal activity of hepatitis is not typical for the process caused by genotype 2 and in genotype 3 a occurs much less frequently than in cases caused by genotype 1b. Conclusion. Epidemiological analysis of the incidence of hepatitis C should take into account trends in the spread of various genotypes of the virus. Hepatitis C virus genotype should be taken into account as in the forecast of the disease and in determination of the indications for antiviral therapy. The main socio-age group actively involved in the epidemic process and need for causal treatment, are young persons of working age.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.