The declining significance of occupation in research on intergenerational mobility

Sakamoto, Arthur; Wang, Sharron Xuanren

doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100521

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Although some of the analyses conducted in this article can be performed by adapting log-linear methods, the network analysis approach we are proposing provides some benefits. Log-linear models often impose a particular structure to the pattern of occupational mobility based on assumptions about how workers move in the labor market that may not always be warranted (Sakamoto and Wang 2019). By contrast, network analysis techniques provide an intuitive, nonparametric way of examining occupational mobility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rows and columns in such tables represent the occupational groups of origin and destination, respectively. Although log-linear models have yielded important insights into the patterns of inter-and intragenerational mobility, they have some limitations (Sakamoto and Wang 2019). Log-linear models often impose a specific structure to occupational movements that may not always be warranted.…”

Section: Intragenerational Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 For critiques of the distinction between structural and relative mobility, see Sakamoto and Wang (2019) and Sobel (1983).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both of these methodological strategies have yielded important insights regarding the movement of workers to occupations of different social standing but provide an incomplete picture of the overall structure of the occupational labor market. Traditional modeling strategies also often impose a specific structure to the pattern of movement across occupations (Sakamoto and Wang 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The U.S. Occupational Structure: A Social Network Approach

Villarreal¹

2020

SocScience

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We propose a new approach to study the structure of occupational labor markets that relies on social network analysis techniques. Highly detailed transition matrices are constructed based on changes in individual workers' occupations over successive months of the Current Population Survey rotating panels. The resulting short-term transition matrices provide snapshots of all occupational movements in the U.S. labor market at different points in time and for different sociodemographic groups. We find a significant increase in occupational mobility and in the diversity of occupational destinations for working men over the past two decades. The occupational networks for black and Hispanic men exhibit a high overall density of ties resulting from a high probability of movement among a limited set of occupations. Upward status mobility also increased during the time period studied, although there are large differences by race and ethnicity and educational attainment. Finally, factional analysis is proposed as a novel way to explore labor market segmentation. Results reveal a highly segmented occupational network in which movement is concentrated within a limited number of occupations with markedly different levels of occupational status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intragenerational Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 For critiques of the distinction between structural and relative mobility, see Sakamoto and Wang (2019) and Sobel (1983).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The U.S. Occupational Structure: A Social Network Approach

Villarreal¹

2020

SocScience

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“…2 For instance, among the empirical contributions, Mayer and Lopoo (2004, 2005) and Bloome and Western (2011) used the IGE to study trends in income mobility in the United States by gender and race; Bloome (2015) relied on the IGE to examine the relationship between cross-sectional economic inequality and mobility across generations; Torche (2011) and Zhou (2019) used the IGE to study the equalizing power of a college degree in the intergenerational context; Mitnik, Bryant, and Weber (2019) used the IGE and tax data to show that, in the United States, at least half of economic inequality among parents is passed on to their children; and Torche (2016), Gregg et al (2017), Mayer and Lopoo (2008), and Esping-Andersen (2015) used the IGE to study the role of education, government spending, and welfare state policies in the transmission of economic advantages across generations. 3 Similarly, recent methodological contributions by sociologists involving the IGE include those of Jencks and Tach (2006); Breen, Mood, and Jonsson (2015); Mitnik and Grusky (this volume); Torche and Corvalan (2018); Sakamoto and Wang (2019); and Winship (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergenerational Income Elasticities, Instrumental Variable Estimation, and Bracketing Strategies

Mitnik

2020

Sociological Methodology

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The fact that the intergenerational income elasticity (IGE)—the workhorse measure of economic mobility—is defined in terms of the geometric mean of children’s income generates serious methodological problems. This has led to a call to replace it with the IGE of the expectation, which requires developing the methodological knowledge necessary to estimate the latter with short-run measures of income. This article contributes to this aim. The author advances a “bracketing strategy” for the set estimation of the IGE of the expectation that is equivalent to that used to set estimate (rather than point estimate) the conventional IGE with estimates obtained with the ordinary least squares and instrumental variable (IV) estimators. The proposed bracketing strategy couples estimates generated with the Poisson pseudo–maximum likelihood estimator and a generalized method of moments IV estimator of the Poisson or exponential regression model. The author develops a generalized error-in-variables model for the IV estimation of the IGE of the expectation and compares it with the corresponding model underlying the IV estimation of the conventional IGE. By considering both bracketing strategies from the perspective of the partial-identification approach to inference, the author specifies how to construct confidence intervals for the IGEs, in particular when the upper bound is estimated more than once with different sets of instruments. Finally, using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the author shows that the bracketing strategies work as expected and assesses the information they generate and how this information varies across instruments and short-run measures of parental income. Three computer programs made available as companions to the article make the set estimation of IGEs, and statistical inference, very simple endeavors.

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Stratification and Economic Inequality in South Korea

Kim

2023

A Contemporary Portrait of Life in Korea

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The declining significance of occupation in research on intergenerational mobility

Cited by 16 publications

References 71 publications

The U.S. Occupational Structure: A Social Network Approach

The U.S. Occupational Structure: A Social Network Approach

Intergenerational Income Elasticities, Instrumental Variable Estimation, and Bracketing Strategies

Stratification and Economic Inequality in South Korea

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