Phylogenetic reassessment of Nigrospora: ubiquitous endophytes, plant and human pathogens

Abstract

Species of Nigrospora commonly occur as plant pathogens, endophytes or saprobes, and have been shown to be extremely interesting for the discovery of novel metabolites. The familial placement, as well as phylogenetic relationships among Nigrospora species remain ambiguous. In this study, Nigrospora (= Khusia) is confirmed as a monophyletic genus belonging to Apiosporaceae (Xylariales), based on a phylogeny inferred from LSU sequence data. A multi-locus phylogeny based on ITS, TEF1-α and TUB2, in conjunction with morphological characters, host associations, and ecological data was employed for species delimitation in Nigrospora, as well as identification of 165 recently collected isolates from China, and three from Europe. In total 13 novelties are proposed including 12 new species and 1 new combination. Five species are re-described based on an examination of type specimens and/or fresh collections. New species described in this paper include: N. aurantiaca, N. bambusae, N. camelliae-sinensis, N. chinensis, N. guilinensis, N. hainanensis, N. lacticolonia, N. osmanthi, N. pyriformis, N. rubi, N. vesicularis and N. zimmermanii. Furthermore, N. vietnamensis is transferred to Arthrinium. Our results indicate a high level of species diversity within Nigrospora, with a general lack in host specificity. Taxa that cluster basal in Nigrospora have wide host ranges, whereas those that diverged later tend to have narrow host ranges. The currently available data suggest, therefore, that the general evolutionary direction in the genus Nigrospora is from a wide to a narrow host range.

Fungos com potencial patogênico isolados de estúdios de modificação corporal na região de Maringá-PR

“…também são comumente isoladas do ambiente interno, uma vez que possui um mecanismo exacerbado de descarga de esporos. Em relação a sua patogenicidade, em humanos, merecem destaque infecções de pele e unha, porém não apresenta grandes riscos associados à realização de procedimentos de modificação corporal (WANG et al, 2017).…”

“…É importante ressaltar que tal processo apresenta risco associado à contaminação microbiológica e nesse contexto, as infecções fúngicas necessitam de mais atenção. O ar é conhecidamente composto por uma grande quantidade de bioaerossóis, e um estudo realizado por Womiloju et al (2003) sugeriu que de 12 a 22% da massa orgânica que constitui o ar são provenientes de fungos, apresentando porcentagens maiores em áreas urbanas. Esses microrganismos também são utilizados na determinação da qualidade do ar, possuindo diretrizes em relação à quantidade permitida em ambientes internos/externos por órgãos reguladores como a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA).…”

Phyllosphere Microbiome in Response to Citrus Melanose

“…Functionally, most of the differentially distributed fungi belonged to "potential plant pathogens" (e.g. Colletotrichum, Alternaria and Nigrospora) (Additional le 2: Table S5) [12][13][14]. Of these, Colletotrichum [13] and Alternaria [12] contain known pathogens of citrus.…”

Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi extracts isolated from Carissa carandas

“…Nucleotide sequences in this study were compared with the related sequences from GenBank (http://www.ncbi nlm.nih.gov) and following Wang et al (2017). All sequences were assembled with BioEdit version 7.2.5 (Hall, 2005) and aligned with Muscle program version 3.8 (Edgar, 2004).…”