l-Theanine promotes nitric oxide production in endothelial cells through eNOS phosphorylation

Siamwala, Jamila H.; Dias, Paul M.; Majumder, Syamantak; Joshi, Manoj Kumar; Sinkar, Vilas P.; Banerjee, G. V.; Chatterjee, Suvro

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.02.016

Cited by 47 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition to these flavonoids, some amino acids were demonstrated to affect NO production. Theanine, a unique amino-acid found in tea, promotes phosphorylation and activation of eNOS and NO production in endothelial cells (35). In the present study, there were no considerable differences in theanine contents among the three cultivars (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Comparison of the Effects of Three Tea Cultivars (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) on Nitric Oxide Production and Aortic Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Expression in High-Salt Diet-Fed Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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Ema

et al. 2017

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Studies have suggested that the consumption of green tea reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Although epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the best studied active substance characteristic of green tea, previous results on EGCG do not appear sufficient to explain completely the mechanism of cardiovascular protection by green tea. Therefore, we investigated the effect of three different tea cultivars, "Yabukita," "Sofu," and "Sunrouge," which have characteristic flavonoid compositions, on the nitric oxide (NO) production and the related protein expression in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) fed a high-salt diet. As a result, the reduction of urinary NO metabolite (NOx) levels, which reflect whole-body NO production, caused by the high-salt diet were significantly prevented by all three tea infusions. The improvement of NOx reduction in the tea-intake groups was unlikely to be caused by the changes in oxidative damage. On the other hand, as a partial effect, only "Yabukita" or "Sofu" increased the expression of the soluble guanylate cyclase, a receptor for NO, in the thoracic aorta. In the present study, the differences in the composition of these three cultivars led to partially different effects on NO signaling in SHRs, suggesting the physiological significance of subdominant ingredients besides EGCG.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Comparison of the Effects of Three Tea Cultivars (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) on Nitric Oxide Production and Aortic Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Expression in High-Salt Diet-Fed Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Nomura

Monobe

Ema

et al. 2017

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Because, endothelial NO acts as the main regulator of vascular function. In an in vitro study that supports this, it was reported that L-Theanin application increased the NO production through ERK/eNOS activation and vasodilatation developed in the arteries in connection with that (Siamwala et al,2013).…”

Section: 5l-theanin and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 62%

L-theanine, unique amino acid of tea, and its metabolism, health effects, and safety

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2015

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

132

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Tea has been a very popular beverage around the world for centuries. The reason that it is delicious, enabling hydration, showing warming and relaxing effect can be mentioned why it is consumed so much in addition to its prominent health effects. Although the catechins and caffeine are the primary bioactive components that are related with the health effects of the tea, the health effects of theanine amino acid, which is a nonproteinic amino acid special to tea, has become prominent in recent years. It has been known that the theanine amino acid in tea has positive effects especially on relaxing, cognitive performance, emotional status, sleep quality, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and common cold. The results of acute and chronic toxicity tests conducted on the safety of theanine express that L-theanine is reliable in general even if it is consumed too much with diet. However, it has not revealed a clear evidence-based result yet regarding theanine metabolism, health effects, and its safety. Within this frame, chemical structure of theanine, its biosynthesis, dietary sources, metabolism, health effects, and safety are discussed in present study.

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“…]i elevation, induced ROS and activated MAPK and mTOR pathways, thereby leading to caspase-dependent apoptosis of neuronal cells [26]. Both L-Glutamate and Ab could induce a rise in calcium levels along with overactivation of the NMDA receptor in APPsw cells, while L-theanine as NMDA antagonists attenuated this rise in calcium concentration [34,35]. These suggest that inhibition of the calcium influx is one of potential mechanisms by which L-theanine exerts a protective effect against cadmium remains to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of l-Theanine on Cadmium-Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells by Inhibiting the Mitochondria-Mediated Pathway

et al. 2015

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L-Theanine is an amino acid derivative from green tea. The present work was aimed at the effect of L-theanine on neuron-like rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells stimulated with cadmium chloride. Treatment with L-theanine before cadmium exposure increased cell viability; the experiments of Annexin V/PI staining indicated that L-theanine inhibited cadmium-induced cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, L-theanine decreased ROS production and protected from cadmium-induced disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Compared with cadmium-treated cells, L-theanine could also decrease the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, as well as the level of cleaved caspase-9, caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Furthermore, L-theanine depresses cadmium-induced up regulation of phosphorylations of PI3K/Akt, MAPK ERK1/2, and JNK signaling. These data suggest that L-theanine pretreatment reduces severity of cadmium toxicity probably via antioxidant action. Therefore, it may be concluded that L-theanine could be exploited for prevention of cadmium-induced diseases.

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l-Theanine promotes nitric oxide production in endothelial cells through eNOS phosphorylation

Cited by 47 publications

References 40 publications

Comparison of the Effects of Three Tea Cultivars (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) on Nitric Oxide Production and Aortic Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Expression in High-Salt Diet-Fed Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Comparison of the Effects of Three Tea Cultivars (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.) on Nitric Oxide Production and Aortic Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Expression in High-Salt Diet-Fed Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

L-theanine, unique amino acid of tea, and its metabolism, health effects, and safety

Protective Effect of l-Theanine on Cadmium-Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells by Inhibiting the Mitochondria-Mediated Pathway

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